girl reading     Gorham Schools' Content Literacy


There is no doubt that attention to literacy has become an important issue across the nation.  Studies published in 2004, Reading at Risk, show there is a decline in reading across the nation, particularly in adolescent and early adult ages. In addition, a study  released by International Educational Achievement (Elley, 1992) proved that reading scores of older students dropped.  The International Reading Association states that although there is a needed emphasis on early reading,  many readers begin to falter during adolescence.  This is the time where adolescents need to refine their reading skills for informational text encountered in content area classes. Necessary components for quality reading program involve continuous reading instruction, reading instruction that is individually appropriate, assessment that informs instruction, and opportunities to read and share are available. Along with quality instruction comes the involvement of parents to help encourage their children to read outside of school. (Ways to Encourage Reading) All of these components allow students to achieve a level of  their reading success.

 The No Child Left Behind Act, legislated in 2001, focuses on holding states accountable for educating all students to a level of "proficiency." Gorham Schools are addressing this issue in several ways.  Literacy specialists in every building  provide supplemental support to struggling readers and consult with classroom teachers to make sure student needs are met in the classroom.  Interventions provided for struggling readers include teaching strategies that reinforce growth and are an effective learning tool in content area classes.  Direct appropriate developmental instruction is coordinated with the school curriculum, Maine Learning Results and Grade Level Expectations (GLE) grades 3-8. Literacy specialists also provide professional development support for teachers in all subject areas. Many measures are being taken so students have the opportunity to attain growth and success in their reading.

Characteristics of Struggling and Strong Readers

books

Thinking About Reading
A Guide to Better Reading Comprehension
 
Numerous students complain that they read the text but don't comprehend it.  A way to improve reading comprehension is to become engaged with the text while monitoring one's reading behavior.  Students can improve reading comprehension by becoming aware of what they are thinking before, during and after reading.  Below are some strategies used to improve reading comprehension. Students who monitor their reading by using some of these strategies are more successful   comprehending text than those who do not monitor their reading behavior.  Looking through the
flowchart of monitoring comprehension will allow students more success  in understanding what they've read.

Before Reading

During Reading

After Readin

  • set a purpose for reading
  • become familiar with the text book
  • predict
  • ask yourself what you already know  about the topic
  • look a questions before hand
  • preview the text
  • look at structured overviews outlines
  • motivate yourself to read by relating to the text somehow
  • ask questions
  • reread a section
  • summarize a section
  • predict
  • stop to check what your reading makes sense
  • study illustrations, graphs
  • break down a sentence/paragraph
  • take notes
  • look up words you don't know
  • continue to read a section to clear up confusion
  • adjust your reading speed; slow down for difficult text
  • summarizing
  • take notes
  • discussing your predictions
  • ask or answer questions
  • respond to reading.... What I learned most ....
  • What I liked most was....
  • reread
  • tell/write important information
 
Teacher Resources
Student Resources
Parent Resources
comprehension strategies

ABC brainstorm
 carousel
 clock buddies
 column notes
 comparison-contrast
 CD map
 graphic organizers
 history frames
 inquiry chart
 K - W - L
 opinion-proof
 power thinking
 problem-solution
 QARs
 questioning the author
 RAFT papers
 reciprocal teaching
 underlining
 semantic feature analysis
 story maps
 summarizing
 thesis-proof
 think-pair-share
 3-minute pause
 3 - 2 - 1
 venn diagrams
 word maps
 

resources for strategies
 

Background Knowledge Strategies
Collaborative Strategic Reading (CSR)
Dictated Stories /Language Experience Approach LEA)))
Fluency Strategies
Generative Vocabulary Strategies
Independent Reading Strategies
K-W-L-Plus Strategy
Literature-Based Reading Instruction
Reader Response Strategies
Reading Guide Strategy
Reading Workshop Approach
Reciprocal Reading Strategy
Text Mapping Strategies
Vocabulary and Concept Mapping Strategies
Word Analysis Strategies

INSERT During Reading Activity

vocabulary 

 

Lesson Plans

 (Ways to Encourage your Child to
        Read)         
readwritethink.
 readinga-z.com
Scholastic
Homework Hints
Book Adventure
Read is Fundamental (RIF)